Rotary pump



FIDT'W; ?ql93s571 Y Dec. 19,1939. J, F JAWOROWSK| 2,183,571

OTA Y P P R R UM Filed sept. 25, 1936 4 sheetssheet 1 L 1L 'V a m l i DCC. 19, 1 F. JAWORQWSKl 2,183,571

ROTARY PUMP Filed Sept. 25, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 @Hornung OCCU UH HUUH Dec, 19, 1939. J. F. .JAwoRowsKl ROTARY PUMP Filed Sept. 25. 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 NNN.

DeC., 1 F JAWOROWSK] 2,183,571

ROTARY PUMP Filed Sept. 25. 1936 4 Sheets-Shoe@ 4 0 FlE-Jl/ 9 5% fr M! f A 29 :E will. 31 V- gmc/who@ JOSEPH F'- J'HWUROWSKI Patented Dec. 19, 1939 UNITED STATES UUCU bil PATENT OFFICE 8 Claims.

This invention relates in general to liquid fuel pumps for pressure atomizing oil burners and more particularly to a rotary pump embodying co-operating rotary pistons and cylinders reciprocating with respect to each other for effecting suction and compression of the pump.

The main object of the invention is the provision of a rotary pump of the type referred to in which a series of pistons and cylinders rotate on axes eccentrically arranged with respect to each other to effect reciprocatory movements between each cylinder and its piston.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a rotary pump of the type referred to in which a series of pistons rotate concentrlcally around a shaft and a series of cylinders, combined to a single cylinder block, rotate eccentrically around said shaft to effect reciprocatory movement between each piston and the respective cylinder of the cylinder block.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a rotary pump of the type referred to in which a series of pistons rotate concentrically and a series of cylinders, combined to an integral cylinder block, rotate eccentrically with respect t a shaft, the cylinders extending radially outwardly from the cylinder block toward the pistons to reduce centrifugal stresses in the pump during the rotary and eccentric movement of the cylinder block.

Still another object of the invention is the provision of a new and improved rotary pump of the type referred to of simple and sturdy design, compact and light in weight, the parts of which can readily and easily be assembled, disassembled and exchanged.

With these and incidental objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combination of parts, the essential elements of which are set forth in the appended claims; and a preferred form of embodiment of the invention is hereinafter shown with reference to the drawings accompanying andv forming a part of this specification.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan-view of a rotary pump according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional View through the body of the rotary pump shown in Fig. 1, the section being taken on line 2-2 of said Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 is another fragmentary sectional view through the body of the rotary pump shown in Fig. 1, the section being taken on line 3-3 of said Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional View through (Cl. 10S-161) the rotary pump, 4-4 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 5 is a bottom-view of the rotary pump;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view through the rotary pump, the section being taken on line 6-5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view on line 1-1 of Fig. 6 with all the rotary elements of the pump shown in elevation;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view on line 8-8 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is a plan-view of the drive shaft;

Fig. 10 is a plan-view of the stud shaft;

Figs. 11-13 are plan-views partly in section of the front, middle and end parts of the housing enclosing the cylinders and pistons of the pump, thus Fig. 11 shows the front part,

Fig. l2 the tubular middle section and Fig. 13 the end plate of said housing;

the section being taken on line llUUHl Fig. 14 is a plan-view of the assembled pistons and cylinders and Fig. 15 is a side-view partly in section of the assembled structure shown in Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a perspective view of a piston shoe assembly.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, which illustrate a practical embodiment of my invention, reference numeral 2 represents a suitable casing having supporting brackets 2', the casing being provided with an outwardly extending, hollow, threaded hub 3. The casing is closed at its open end by means of a closure plate 4 and formed with a central cylindrical chamber 5, enclosing a rotary pump unit 6. In addition there are arranged two elongated chambers l and 8 at opposite sides of chamber 5, which chambers are substantially symmetrically arranged with respect to each other and the said chamber 5 and have their axes rectangularly related to the axis of the chamber 5. These chambers 'l and 8 communicate with the intake and outlet sides of the rotary pump unit 6 through passages and channels in the casing 2 and the closure plate 4, as will be later described.

The rotary pump unit, as can best be seen from an inspection of Figs. 4 and 7, is an individual unit, freely rotatably mounted in the chamber 5 without contacting with the cylindrical wall 9 thereof. This unit embodies rigidly connected thereto a short drive shaft l0, the front part ll of which is rotatably supported by and extended through a bearing cap member I2, threadedly connected with and carried by the threaded hub 3 of the casing 2, and a stud shaft I4 non-rotatably secured in the central bore I5 of the closure plate 4. Stud shaft I4 has its free end centrally recessed at I6 and freely rotatably seats a hardened pin I1, rigidly secured to the inner end I8 of the drive shaft and extended therefrom into said recess I6 for rotatably supporting the end I8 of the drive shaft I0.

The stud shaft I4, which is axially aligned with the drive shaft, mounts a pump housing I8 embodying spaced, disc-shaped front and rear portions I9 and 28 respectively, which parts are secured to each other by means of a cylindrical center portion 2I, sleeved upon said two portions and interlocked therewith, as will be described hereinafter. This housing is rigidly connected with the drive shaft I8 by means of a pin 22 extended through said shaft and the tubular forwardly extended hub 23 on front portion I9. The two disc-shaped portions I9 and 20 are provided with oppositely arranged integral circular flanges 24, 25 respectively, which flanges are concentric with respect to the axes of said portions, spaced from each other, and slidably engage spaced areas of the inner faces of curved, sector-like supporting shoes 26, each of which embodies a large square-shaped central opening 21 and pivotally supports a circular piston 28. Thus a pin 29 (29') press-fitted into each shoe and intersecting the opening 21 thereof, loosely extends through the piston and permits of free rocking movement of the piston around its thus formed pivot. Pistons 28 slidably engage outwardly extended radially arranged cylinders 30 of a cylinder block 3I, Which block is centrally perforated as at 32 and rotatably sleeved upon an eccentric 33 on the stud shaft I4, to permit of reciprocatory movements of the cylinder block 3I with respect to the pistons 28, when said cylinder block is carried around with said cylinders by means of the pins 29, which pins extend through slots 34 in the walls of the cylinders 30.

As shown, there are four istons 28 which pistons co-operate with a corresponding number of cylinders 30. The shoes 26 of three othesepitons are frel o 1 d es ad 25 and permit of reciprocatory n f the pistons 28 supported thereby, as the pins 29 on the respective shoes are arranged within the bodies of said shoes, whereas me. fouttlweanamnlkmralln securdtothe front and rear porti of the housing ll`l l pm eX e s 1n o bores Il l l 35 and 36 respectively in the front and rear portions I3 and 20. This arrangement permits of free rotary movement of the cylinder block 3| around the eccentric 33 on stud shaft I4 and insures proper driving connectio of the pistons an e cy in er oc ,as can real y ese ro sc 1n o The reciprocatory movement of the cylinder block 3| and its cylinders 30 with respect to pistons 2B, 28 efferts suction and compression strokes in each cylinder during one full revolution of the housing and thus permits of liquid being sucked into the cylinders, compressed and under pressure discharged from the cylinders. To that effect stud shaft I4 embodies in the central portion of its eccentric 33 and in the planes of the rotating pistons 28, 28 oppositely arranged recesses 31 and 38, which recesses communicate through longitudinal bores 39 and 40 and cross bores 4I and 42 in the stud shaft I4 with the intake and discharge sides of the casing 2. Cross bores 4I and 42 are located in the lower end of the stud shaft I 4, which end is seated Within the central bore I5 of the closure plate, so that the bore 4I can readily communicate with the intake side of the casing through an inclined passage 43 in the closure plate 4, intersecting with a passage 44 in said plate, see Fig. 8, which passage 44 in turn is aligned with another inclined passage 45 in the casing 2, terminating in screen chamber 1 close to the top portion thereof, see Fig. 3, so that liquid from said chamber 1 can readily be drawn through passage 45, 44, 43, 4I and 39 into that cylinder 30 which at that time is opposite recess 31.

The liquid drawn into the cylinder as described above is carried around with the rotating cylinder, compressed during its travel and discharged through the recess 38, into and through a bore 40, a cross bore 42, an inclined passage 46 in closure plate 4, a passage 41, a passage 48 in the casing 2 into a cylindrical sub-chamber 49, forming a part of the pressure chamber 8, see Fig. 4, from which sub-chamber 49 the liquid is discharged through a bore 50 at the top of said chamber and a bore 5I into an elongated sub-chamber 52 arranged in the bottom of the pressure chamber 8, see Fig. 2, The chamber 52 has extending therethrough a pressure control unit 53, embodying a stationary, screw machined cylindrical body 54, extended through an opening 55 in the bottom wall of pressure chamber 8 and rigidly clamped and sealed to said wall by means of a nut member 56 and a sealing washer 51; and a bellows operated shiftable valve portion 58, slidably mounted in the cylindrical bore 59 of the body 54, which body 54 extends upwardly through a circular sub-chamber 60 of pressure chamber 8. This sub-chamber is arranged intermediate the sub-chambers 49 and 52 and sealed from said chambers by the cylindrical body 54. Cross passages 6I and 62 in the cylindrical wall of the body and arranged opposite the sub-chambers 52 and 60 respectively permit of communication of these chambers with each other, when the shiftable valve portion 58 of the pressure control valve is in an open position. The shiftable valve portion 58 embodies a thimble-like member 63, sleeved upon and by means of a pin 64 rigidly attached to a valve supporting rod 65, extending downwardly from the bottom disc 66 of bellows 66. The upper end of bellows 66 is seated upon a circular shoulder 61 at the top of the sub-chamber 49 and sealingly clamped to said shoulder by means of a cover plate 68 secured to the casing 2 by means of cap screws 69. The rod 65 is provided with a central bore 18, which bore slidably mounts the stem 1I of a spring pressed valve 12. The head 13 of this valve extends downwardly through a bore 14 in the bottom wall 15 of the member 63, which member has its lower portion slotted as at 16 for a purpose later to be described. A spring 11, seated against the rod 65 and a collar 18 on the head 13 of the valve 12 yieldingly forces the head 13 into sealing engagement with a valve seat 19 in body 54 of the pressure controlled valve unit and prohibits escape of liquid from the sub-chamber 52 through the outlet passage |82, when the bottom disc 66 of bellows 66 is yieldingly forced into engagement with the rounded upper edge of the body 2, by a spring 8I centrally arranged within the bellows 66 and seated against the inner face of the disc 66 and a vertically shiftable adjusting nut member 82. This nut member, which is arranged within a recess 83 of the cover plate 68 is provided with a rib 84, slidably engaging a groove 85 in the wall of the recess 83, and prohibiting rotation of the nut thereof, will be vertically shifted and thus change the pressure of the spring 8I, when a stem 86,

threadedly connected with the nut member and extended through a bore 81 in the cover plate 68 is rotated in one or the other direction. A collar 88 on the stem 86 engaging the inner wall of the recess 83 and a-lock nut 89, engaging the threaded, outwardly extended end of said stem, permit of the stem being freely rotated until the desired tension of the spring 8| is effected and then the nut to be rigidly clamped to the cover plate in adjusted position, Preferably, as shown, the rod 65 on disc 66 is extended upwardly through said disc for co-operation with the lower end of the stem 86 in limiting compression of the bellows by the liquid discharged under pressure into the subchamber 49.

Screen chamber 1, embodying a threaded inlet opening 90 for a pipe connection (not shown), has removably suspended therein a screen member 9|, embodying circular top and bottom plates 92 and 93, which plates are connected by a longitudinally corrugated cylindrical wire screen 94. The top plate 92 rests upon a circular shoulder 95 in the wall of chamber 1 and has centrally extended therethrough and rigidly connected therewith a tubular member 96, extended into the wire screen close to the bottom plate 93. The upper end of this tubular member seats a compression spring 91, seated in a recess 98 of atop closure plate 99 for the chamber 1, which plate is secured to the casing 2 by means of cap screws |00. The bottom of the screen chamber 1 is perforated and closed by a plug |0| to permit of the screen chamber being properly cleaned.

When the pump is operated by rotation of the drive shaft I in an anti-clockwise direction, then liquid is drawn from a tank or other source of supply through inlet opening 90, screen 94 and tubular member 96 into the upper portion of the screen chamber 1, from where the liquid all as previously described, is drawn through passages 45, 44, 43, 4| and 39 to recess 31, the suction side of the pump mechanism. This mechanism compresses and discharges the liquid through recess 38 and passages 40, 42, 46, 41 and 48 into the cylindrical sub-chamber 49 and then through passages 50 and 5| into the sub-chamber 52. However, the valve controlled outlet passage |02 of the sub-chamber 52 prevents escape of the liquid from said chamber until the slidable valve portion 58 of the control valve unit 53 is lifted and valve 12 is released. Such lifting of the valve portion 58 and release of the valve 12 is effected by the bellows 66', provided the pressure of the liquid in sub-chamber 49 overcomes the pressure of the spring 8|, yieldingly forcing the valve portion into closing position for the valve 12.

It is desirable that the pressure of the liquid discharged through passage |02 and therewith the volume of said discharged liquid is constant. This desideratum is effected by by-passing part of the pumped liquid, when the pressure of said liquid raises over and above its predetermined rate. By-passing of the pumped liquid is controlled by the cross passage 62 in the body 54 of the control valve unit 53, which passage is aligned with sub-chamber 60 and co-operates with the slots 16 in the bottom wall 15 of the thimble 63, when the valve portion 58 is sufficiently raised to permit of the pumped liquid being discharged through the slots and cross passages into the sub-chamber 60, from where such by-passed liquid is discharged through a passage |03 in casing 2, see Fig. 2, and a pas- GELVC sage |04 in closure plate 4, see Fig. 5, into an annular channel |05. The channel |05 is connected with the screen chamber 1 by means of a threaded passage |06, a passage |01 in closure plate 4 and a passage |08 in the casing 2, and furthermore with an outlet opening |09 in a boss 0 adapted to be connected to a fuel tank. not shown, by means of passages ||2 in the closure plate 4 and a passage ||3 in the casing 2, see Fig. '1. Should it be undesirable to recirculate the by-passed liquid, then a plug ||4 is screwed into the threaded passage |06 to close same, a removable plug ||5 being provided to permit of free access to the passage |06.

As previously described the control valve unit 53 embodies in its valve portion 58 a springpressed valve 12, which valve directly controls the outlet passage |02. This valve 12 is axially shiftable with respect to the valve portion 58 and therefore retards opening of the outlet passage |02, when pressure is building up in chamber 49 and valve portion 58 raises, until the collar 18 of said valve engages the inner face of the bottom wall 15 of the thimble 63 and thus effects simultaneous shifting of valve portion 58 and valve 12. This simultaneous movement of valve 12 and portion 58 begins at a time, when the pressure in chamber 49 approaches the desired rate, that is shortly before liquid is by-passed through passage 62 into chamber 60 etc.

Relative movement of valve 12 with respect to valve portion 58 also permits of a quick shutoff of liquid stream through outlet passage |02,

when the liquid pressure in chamber 49 decreases,

as for example, when the driving power for the pump is disconnected. It will now be seen that the arrangement of a shiftable valve 12 in the shiftable valve portion 58 of the control-valveunit 53 prohibits practically any discharge of liquid through passage |02 at pressures substantially lower than the pressure desired, which is of great importance for proper functioning of atomizing nozzles for oil burners, in which nozzles leakage of oil at non-atomizing pressures effects change of the heating and burning efciency of the nozzle.

The rotary pump unit which, as previously described, freely rotates in chamber 5 without contacting with the circumferential wall 9 thereof, is yieldingly held in engagement with its bearing support in stud shaft I4 by means of a compression spring ||1 engaging the top and bottom plates ||8 and ||9 of a bellows sealing member |20, which member seals the intersection of the shaft I0 with the bearing cap member |2.

In order to prevent building up of undesirable pressures in the chamber 5 and leakage of fluid, chamber 5 is connected with the intake side of the pump by means of a valve controlled passage |2I. This passage intersects with the passage 43 and is controlled by an adjustable check-Valve |22, embodying a screw-machinebody |23, threaded into the passage |2| beyond its intersection with the passage 43.

The body |23 is axially bored as at |24 and formed with a valve seat |25 co-operating with a slidable, spring-pressed valve |26, embodying a spring |21 for forcing the valve |26 yieldingly upon the seat |25. The spring |21 is held under tension by means of a screw member |28. As shown, the wall of the body |23 is perforated at |29, opposite the passage |2|, and the head of the valve |26 is reduced in cross section, so

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as to permit of liquid being freely passed through the passage 43 and the body |23 of the checkvalve |22. The spring |21 is soft and permits of the valve being opened at relatively low pressures, therefore no undesired pressures can be built up in chamber 5, as liquid in said chamber will readily be discharged therefrom at predetermined pressures and fed into the passage 43, all as clearly disclosed in Fig. 8.

The pistons are dimensioned and shaped to freely contact with the eccentric 33 on stud shaft |4 once during each revolution and the inner faces |30 of the pistons 28, 28 are ground on curves having a radius equal to that of the eccentric 33 in order to effect discharge of all liquid drawn into the pump and insure proper scavenging of the liquid from the cylinders of the pump during each and any revolution of the pumping unit.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

l. In a rotary pump a stationary shaft having an eccentric between its opposite ends, a cylinder block having endwise slotted cylinders radially extending therefrom rotatably mounted on said eccentric, piston means for said cylinders, individual guiding and supporting means for each of said piston means, each of said supporting means embodying an arcuate shoe having an opening sized to permit of a cylinder being freely extended therethrough and a cross pin pivotally adn slidably connecting the piston with said shoe and slidably engaging with the slotted end of the respective cylinder; and a driven housing encircling with its inner cylindrical wall said stationary shaft and concentrically guiding said supporting means around said shaft to effect concentric rotation of said pistons and supporting means around said shaft, the cross pin of one of said shoes being pivotally couped with said housing to effect rotary movements of said cylinder block, pistons and shoes when said housing is rotated.

2. A rotary pump comprising a stationary housing, a stationary shaft secured to said housing having an eccentric between its opposite ends, a rotary housing mounted for concentric rotation on said stationary shaft, said rotary housing embodying two oppositely arranged, axially bored members rotatably mounted on said shaft in spaced relation from each other, and tubular means rigidly connecting said two members to provide a cylindrical chamber enclosing the eccentric of said shaft, an axially bored cy'inder block with a plurality of endwise slotted cylinders radially extended therefrom rotatably mounted in said cylindrical chamber on the eccentric of said shaft, pistons for said cylinders, a slidable amanndsnmnrtinaaleiihQed pistons hem l wall ofhsaid tubular means, said shoe embodying a centralo'pening sized to permit of said shoe being readily sleeved upon a cylinder, and a single pin in each of salu shoes cross-wise of the opening therein, pivot/ ally and slidably connecting the respective piston with its shoe and slidably engaged with the slotted end of the respective cylinder, the pin of one of said shoes being pivotally couped withnsal' n'titis'm mmmmry movements '"sid"cy1i'rider blocl, saidmpios when'saidrrotary housing is rotated.- "uot'ai-"ywuiii as described in claim 2, wherein each of said two members have extended from its inner face a circular flange concentrically arranged with respect to the bore of said member, the said two anges co-operating in guiding the shoes and being spaced from each other to permit of the slotted ends of the cylinder being guided and outwardly extended for slidable engagement with the said pins.

4. In a rotary pump a housing, a stationary shaft secured with one end to said housing having an eccentric between its opposite ends, and a rotary pump unit axially shiftablLlnQlluted for concentric rotation on said stationary shaft, bearing means upon the end face of said stationary shaft for axially supporting said unit, and means for yieldingly forcing said unit into contact with said bearing means, said rotary pump unit consisting of a housing having spaced members mounted for concentric rotation on said shaft and rigidly connected by tubular means with each other to provide a cylindrical chamber enclosing the eccentric of said shaft, a cylinder block with a plurality of endwise slotted cylinders radially extended therefrom rotatably mounted in said cylindrical chamber on the eccentric of said shaft, pistons for said cylinders, an actuating and supporting shoe for each of said pistons embodying a central opening and slidably contacting with the wall of said tubular means, and a single pin in each of said shoes cross-wise of its opening, said pin effecting a pivotal and slidable connection between a piston and its shoe and being slidably engaged with the slotted end of a cylinder sleeved into the opening of said shoe.

5. In a rotary pump a housing open at one end, a cover plate for closing the open end of said housing, a shaft rigidly secured to said cover plate having an eccentric between its opposite ends, a rotary housing mounted for concentric rotation on the opposite end portions of said shaft so as to encircle the eccentric portion thereof, a cylinder block having cylinders radially extending therefrom arranged Within said housing and rotatably mounted on the eccentric of said shaft, piston means for said cylinders including arcuate guiding shoes mounted for concentric rotation in said housing, the piston means of one of said cylinders being pivotally coupled with said rotary housing for direct rotation thereby, and passage means in said shaft ithmthwe suction and Cyll'l'l- 50 ers e g enwis s o ed and said pistons being pivotally coupled with said arcuate shoes by means of pins extended through said shoes and pistons and slidably engaged with the slotted ends of said cylinders, one of said pins being 55 utilized for pivotally coupling the said one piston means with said rotary housing.

6. In a rotary pump a stationary shaft having an eccentric between its opposite ends, a cylinder block having endwise sloted cylinders radially extending therefrom rotatably mounted on said eccentric, a piston for each of said cylinders, an arcuate, shiftable guiding and supporting means for each of said pistons having a central opening sized to permit of a cylinder being freely 65 extended therethrough, and a pin pivotally connecting each piston with its guiding and supporting means and extended therethrough cross- Wise of its opening, said pistons being pivotally and laterally slidably connected with their re- 70 spective pins to permit of pivotal and slidable movements of said pistons with respect to their guiding and supporting means and their pins.

7. In a rotary pump a housing, a stationary shaft secured with one end to said housing, a 75 rotary pump unit including a pump housing rotatably and axially slidably engaged with said shaft, axial bearing means for said pump unit embodying a hardened pin rigidly secured in said pump housing and a bore in the end face of said shaft of less depth than the extended portion of said pin, and means yieldingly forcing said pump unit into contact with said axial bearing means.

8. In a rotary pump a housing, a stationary 10 shaft secured with one end to said housing, a

oeElVCll HOOm rotary pump unit rotatably and axially slidably engaged with said stationary shaft, a drive shaft for said pump unit extended through said housing, means within said housing for sealing said drive shaft with respect thereto, axial bearing means for said pump unit, and a single means yieldingly forcing said pump unit into contact with said axial bearing means and effecting sealing operations of said sealing means. 

